145) Cryptococcus neoformans کرپٹوکوکس نیوفورمینز

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Cryptococcus neoformans

Scientists have discovered that a strain of fungi found in Chernobyl, known as Cryptococcus neoformans, feeds on radiation and could offer groundbreaking protection for astronauts. First identified in the Chernobyl nuclear plant in 1991, this fungus contains high levels of melanin, a pigment that absorbs radiation and converts it into chemical energy through a process called radiosynthesis. 

NASA is exploring the use of melanin extracted from this fungus as a potential space sunscreen. In November 2019, Johns Hopkins University sent melanin derived from the fungi to the International Space Station for testing. The research aims to develop cost-effective radiation shields for space missions, with potential benefits for protecting both astronauts and terrestrial technology

کرپٹوکوکس نیوفورمینز 

سائنسدانوں نے دریافت کیا ہے کہ چرنوبل میں پائی جانے والی فنگس کا ایک تناؤ، جسے کرپٹوکوکس نیوفورمینز کہا جاتا ہے، تابکاری کو کھاتا ہے اور خلابازوں کے لیے زمینی تحفظ فراہم کر سکتا ہے۔ 1991 میں چرنوبل نیوکلیئر پلانٹ میں پہلی بار شناخت کی گئی، اس فنگس میں میلانین کی اعلیٰ سطح ہوتی ہے، ایک روغن جو تابکاری کو جذب کرتا ہے اور اسے ریڈیو سنتھیسس نامی عمل کے ذریعے کیمیائی توانائی میں تبدیل کرتا ہے۔ 

ناسا اس فنگس سے نکالے گئے میلانین کے استعمال کو ممکنہ خلائی سن اسکرین کے طور پر تلاش کر رہا ہے۔ نومبر 2019 میں، جانز ہاپکنز یونیورسٹی نے فنگس سے حاصل کردہ میلانین کو بین الاقوامی خلائی اسٹیشن کو جانچ کے لیے بھیجا۔ اس تحقیق کا مقصد خلائی مشنز کے لیے سرمایہ کاری مؤثر ریڈی ایشن شیلڈز تیار کرنا ہے، جس میں خلابازوں اور زمینی ٹیکنالوجی دونوں کی حفاظت کے لیے ممکنہ فوائد ہیں۔

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